November 13, 2026 Follow Egret
CVE-2018-11776 · CVE record: PUBLISHED

Apache Struts Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Apache Software Foundation Apache Struts

Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace and similar to results, same possibility when using url tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace.

Exploitation evidence

Known exploited · CISA KEV listed

Added 2021-11-03. Ransomware campaign use: Unknown.

CISA required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.

CISA due date: 2022-05-03. This is the catalog’s deadline, not an assessment of your organization’s exposure.

KEV checked 13 Nov 2026, 00:20 Jerusalem · Original catalog ↗

Reported products and versions

Apache Software Foundation / Apache Struts

Default status: Not specified

  • affected: 2.3 to 2.3.34
  • affected: 2.5 to 2.5.16

Fixes and workarounds

No explicit solution text in the downloaded CVE record. Consult the vendor advisory; unaffected version ranges are shown above as reported, not inferred as a patch recommendation.

Sources and related reporting

CVE Program record ↗ · Download tracked evidence as JSON

Observed change timeline

History begins when Egret first downloads each source. It is not the complete upstream CVE history.

12 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-12",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
10 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-10",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
09 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-09",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
08 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-08",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
07 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-07",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
07 Nov 2026, 00:20 Jerusalem · CVE Program record changed

Stored CNA snapshot at this observation.

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T08:17:09.231Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "1041888",
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041888"
          },
          {
            "name": "45367",
            "tags": [
              "exploit",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45367/"
          },
          {
            "name": "45262",
            "tags": [
              "exploit",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45262/"
          },
          {
            "name": "105125",
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105125"
          },
          {
            "name": "1041547",
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041547"
          },
          {
            "name": "45260",
            "tags": [
              "exploit",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45260/"
          },
          {
            "name": "[announce] 20200131 Apache Software Foundation Security Report: 2019",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6d03e45b81eab03580cf7f8bb51cb3e9a1b10a2cc0c6a2d3cc92ed0c%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181018-0002/"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-057"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2018-0012"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2018-11776-5072787.html"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lgtm.com/blog/apache_struts_CVE-2018-11776"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180822-0001/"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2018-005.txt"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/hook-s3c/CVE-2018-11776-Python-PoC"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172830/Apache-Struts-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.1,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2018-11776",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-06T21:01:33.678556Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2018-11776"
              },
              "type": "kev"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "description": "CWE-noinfo Not enough information",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:45:48.386Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2018-11776"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2021-11-03T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2018-11776 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Apache Struts",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.3 to 2.3.34"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.5 to 2.5.16"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2018-08-22T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace and similar to results, same possibility when using url tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "Remote Code Execution",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-06-12T00:00:00.000Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "1041888",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041888"
        },
        {
          "name": "45367",
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45367/"
        },
        {
          "name": "45262",
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45262/"
        },
        {
          "name": "105125",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105125"
        },
        {
          "name": "1041547",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041547"
        },
        {
          "name": "45260",
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45260/"
        },
        {
          "name": "[announce] 20200131 Apache Software Foundation Security Report: 2019",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6d03e45b81eab03580cf7f8bb51cb3e9a1b10a2cc0c6a2d3cc92ed0c%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181018-0002/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-057"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2018-0012"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2018-11776-5072787.html"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://lgtm.com/blog/apache_struts_CVE-2018-11776"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180822-0001/"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2018-005.txt"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/hook-s3c/CVE-2018-11776-Python-PoC"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172830/Apache-Struts-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2018-11776",
    "datePublished": "2018-08-22T13:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2018-06-05T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:45:48.386Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
06 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-06",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
05 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-05",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
04 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-04",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
03 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-03",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated

Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.

{
  "date": "2026-11-02",
  "epss": 0.99996,
  "percentile": 0.99989
}
03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · CISA KEV status changed

Stored KEV snapshot at this observation.

{
  "cveID": "CVE-2018-11776",
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-20"
  ],
  "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
  "dueDate": "2022-05-03",
  "forensicTriage": "No",
  "knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
  "notes": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11776",
  "product": "Struts",
  "requiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
  "shortDescription": "Apache Struts contains a vulnerability that allows for remote code execution under two circumstances. One, where the alwaysSelectFullNamespace option is true and the value isn't set for a result defined in underlying configurations and in same time, its upper package configuration have no or wildcard namespace.  Or, using URL tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package configuration have no or wildcard namespace.",
  "vendorProject": "Apache",
  "vulnerabilityName": "Apache Struts Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
}
Egret — Back to top Egret