Exploitation evidence
Known exploited · CISA KEV listed
Added 2023-03-10. Ransomware campaign use: Unknown.
CISA required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
CISA due date: 2023-03-31. This is the catalog’s deadline, not an assessment of your organization’s exposure.
KEV checked 13 Nov 2026, 00:20 Jerusalem · Original catalog ↗Reported products and versions
x-stream / xstream
Default status: Not specified
- affected: < 1.4.18
Fixes and workarounds
No explicit solution text in the downloaded CVE record. Consult the vendor advisory; unaffected version ranges are shown above as reported, not inferred as a patch recommendation.
Sources and related reporting
CVE Program record ↗ · Download tracked evidence as JSON
- https://github.com/x-stream/xstream/security/advisories/GHSA-j9h8-phrw-h4fh
- https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-39144.html
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/09/msg00017.html
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/22KVR6B5IZP3BGQ3HPWIO2FWWCKT3DHP/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QGXIU3YDPG6OGTDHMBLAFN7BPBERXREB/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PVPHZA7VW2RRSDCOIPP2W6O5ND254TU7/
- https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5004
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210923-0003/
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/169859/VMware-NSX-Manager-XStream-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-39144
Observed change timeline
History begins when Egret first downloads each source. It is not the complete upstream CVE history.
12 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-12",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99913
}10 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-10",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}09 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-09",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}08 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-08",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}07 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-07",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}06 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-06",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}06 Nov 2026, 06:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-05",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}05 Nov 2026, 06:20 Jerusalem · CVE Program record changed
Stored CNA snapshot at this observation.
{
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{
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"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/x-stream/xstream/security/advisories/GHSA-j9h8-phrw-h4fh"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-39144.html"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20210929 [SECURITY] [DLA 2769-1] libxstream-java security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/09/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-fbad11014a",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/22KVR6B5IZP3BGQ3HPWIO2FWWCKT3DHP/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-d894ca87dc",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QGXIU3YDPG6OGTDHMBLAFN7BPBERXREB/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-5e376c0ed9",
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"vendor-advisory",
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],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PVPHZA7VW2RRSDCOIPP2W6O5ND254TU7/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5004",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5004"
},
{
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],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210923-0003/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
},
{
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"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/169859/VMware-NSX-Manager-XStream-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2021-39144",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "active"
},
{
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},
{
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-02-06T19:37:39.138340Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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},
{
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"content": {
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],
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"references": [
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],
"timeline": [
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"time": "2023-03-10T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "CVE-2021-39144 added to CISA KEV"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "xstream",
"vendor": "x-stream",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "< 1.4.18"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "XStream is a simple library to serialize objects to XML and back again. In affected versions this vulnerability may allow a remote attacker has sufficient rights to execute commands of the host only by manipulating the processed input stream. No user is affected, who followed the recommendation to setup XStream's security framework with a whitelist limited to the minimal required types. XStream 1.4.18 uses no longer a blacklist by default, since it cannot be secured for general purpose."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
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{
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"description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')",
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]
},
{
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{
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"description": "CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data",
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],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2022-11-15T00:00:00.000Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
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},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/x-stream/xstream/security/advisories/GHSA-j9h8-phrw-h4fh"
},
{
"url": "https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-39144.html"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20210929 [SECURITY] [DLA 2769-1] libxstream-java security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/09/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-fbad11014a",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/22KVR6B5IZP3BGQ3HPWIO2FWWCKT3DHP/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-d894ca87dc",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QGXIU3YDPG6OGTDHMBLAFN7BPBERXREB/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2021-5e376c0ed9",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PVPHZA7VW2RRSDCOIPP2W6O5ND254TU7/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5004",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5004"
},
{
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html"
},
{
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210923-0003/"
},
{
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
},
{
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
},
{
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/169859/VMware-NSX-Manager-XStream-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-j9h8-phrw-h4fh",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "XStream is vulnerable to a Remote Command Execution attack"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2021-39144",
"datePublished": "2021-08-23T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2021-08-16T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:25:37.489Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}04 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-04",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}03 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-03",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99913
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-02",
"epss": 0.98124,
"percentile": 0.99912
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · CISA KEV status changed
Stored KEV snapshot at this observation.
{
"cveID": "CVE-2021-39144",
"cwes": [
"CWE-94",
"CWE-502"
],
"dateAdded": "2023-03-10",
"dueDate": "2023-03-31",
"forensicTriage": "No",
"knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
"notes": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0027.html, https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-39144.html; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39144",
"product": "XStream",
"requiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
"shortDescription": "XStream contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows an attacker to manipulate the processed input stream and replace or inject objects that result in the execution of a local command on the server. This vulnerability can affect multiple products, including but not limited to VMware Cloud Foundation.",
"vendorProject": "XStream",
"vulnerabilityName": "XStream Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
}