Exploitation evidence
Known exploited · CISA KEV listed
Added 2023-10-04. Ransomware campaign use: Unknown.
CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
CISA due date: 2023-10-25. This is the catalog’s deadline, not an assessment of your organization’s exposure.
KEV checked 13 Nov 2026, 00:20 Jerusalem · Original catalog ↗Reported products and versions
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 1809
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.17763.0 to < 10.0.17763.4252 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 1809
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.0 to < 10.0.17763.4252 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2019
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.17763.0 to < 10.0.17763.4252 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.17763.0 to < 10.0.17763.4252 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2022
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.20348.0 to < 10.0.20348.1668 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 20H2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.0 to < 10.0.19042.2846 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 11 version 21H2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.0 to < 10.0.22000.1817 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 21H2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.19043.0 to < 10.0.19044.2846 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 11 version 22H2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.22621.0 to < 10.0.22621.1555 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 22H2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.19045.0 to < 10.0.19045.2846 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 1507
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.10240.0 to < 10.0.10240.19869 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows 10 Version 1607
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.14393.0 to < 10.0.14393.5850 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2016
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.14393.0 to < 10.0.14393.5850 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 10.0.14393.0 to < 10.0.14393.5850 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.0.6003.0 to < 6.0.6003.22015 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.0.6003.0 to < 6.0.6003.22015 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.0.6003.0 to < 6.0.6003.22015 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.1.7601.0 to < 6.1.7601.26466 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.1.7601.0 to < 6.1.7601.26466 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2012
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.2.9200.0 to < 6.2.9200.24216 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.2.9200.0 to < 6.2.9200.24216 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2012 R2
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.3.9600.0 to < 6.3.9600.20919 (custom)
Microsoft / Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)
Default status: Not specified
- affected: 6.3.9600.0 to < 6.3.9600.20919 (custom)
Fixes and workarounds
No explicit solution text in the downloaded CVE record. Consult the vendor advisory; unaffected version ranges are shown above as reported, not inferred as a patch recommendation.
Sources and related reporting
Observed change timeline
History begins when Egret first downloads each source. It is not the complete upstream CVE history.
12 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-12",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.77148
}10 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-10",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.77005
}09 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-09",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76975
}08 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-08",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76963
}07 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-07",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76948
}06 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-06",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76911
}06 Nov 2026, 06:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-05",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76898
}04 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-04",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76881
}04 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · CVE Program record changed
Stored CNA snapshot at this observation.
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
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"status": "affected",
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"32-bit Systems",
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"product": "Windows 10 Version 1607",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.14393.5850",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
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]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2016",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.14393.5850",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
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},
{
"platforms": [
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],
"product": "Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
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"vendor": "Microsoft",
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{
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],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
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{
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"status": "affected",
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]
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{
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],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
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{
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"cpeApplicability": [
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],
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],
"datePublic": "2023-04-11T07:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Windows CNG Key Isolation Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
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"scenarios": [
{
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}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-591",
"description": "CWE-591: Sensitive Data Storage in Improperly Locked Memory",
"lang": "en-US",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-01-23T01:04:58.725Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Windows CNG Key Isolation Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28229"
}
],
"title": "Windows CNG Key Isolation Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"assignerShortName": "microsoft",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-28229",
"datePublished": "2023-04-11T19:13:37.417Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-03-13T22:18:32.384Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:05:49.303Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}03 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-03",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76839
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-02",
"epss": 0.01671,
"percentile": 0.76811
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · CISA KEV status changed
Stored KEV snapshot at this observation.
{
"cveID": "CVE-2023-28229",
"cwes": [
"CWE-591"
],
"dateAdded": "2023-10-04",
"dueDate": "2023-10-25",
"forensicTriage": "No",
"knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
"notes": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-28229; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28229",
"product": "Windows CNG Key Isolation Service",
"requiredAction": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.",
"shortDescription": "Microsoft Windows Cryptographic Next Generation (CNG) Key Isolation Service contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows an attacker to gain specific limited SYSTEM privileges.",
"vendorProject": "Microsoft",
"vulnerabilityName": "Microsoft Windows CNG Key Isolation Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability"
}