Exploitation evidence
Known exploited · CISA KEV listed
Added 2026-08-17. Ransomware campaign use: Unknown.
CISA required action: Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.
CISA due date: 2026-08-20. This is the catalog’s deadline, not an assessment of your organization’s exposure.
KEV checked 13 Nov 2026, 00:20 Jerusalem · Original catalog ↗Reported products and versions
ray-project / ray
Default status: Not specified
- affected: < 2.52.0
Fixes and workarounds
No explicit solution text in the downloaded CVE record. Consult the vendor advisory; unaffected version ranges are shown above as reported, not inferred as a patch recommendation.
Sources and related reporting
CVE Program record ↗ · Download tracked evidence as JSON
- https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v
- https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09
- https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593
Observed change timeline
History begins when Egret first downloads each source. It is not the complete upstream CVE history.
12 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-12",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.9915
}10 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-10",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99145
}09 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-09",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99143
}08 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-08",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99143
}07 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-07",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99142
}06 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-06",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99142
}06 Nov 2026, 06:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-05",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.9914
}04 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-04",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99139
}03 Nov 2026, 18:20 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-03",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99137
}03 Nov 2026, 12:20 Jerusalem · CVE Program record changed
Stored CNA snapshot at this observation.
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-62593",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "active"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-08-18T03:55:34.674806Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"dateAdded": "2026-08-17",
"reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593"
},
"type": "kev"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T18:07:54.129Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis"
},
{
"tags": [
"government-resource"
],
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "ray",
"vendor": "ray-project",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "< 2.52.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string \"Mozilla\" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.4,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-352",
"description": "CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-26T22:28:28.577Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Ray is vulnerable to RCE via Safari & Firefox Browsers through DNS Rebinding Attack"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-62593",
"datePublished": "2025-11-26T22:28:28.577Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-16T19:24:37.266Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T18:07:54.129Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · EPSS observation updated
Stored EPSS snapshot at this observation.
{
"date": "2026-11-02",
"epss": 0.6015,
"percentile": 0.99136
}03 Nov 2026, 02:22 Jerusalem · CISA KEV status changed
Stored KEV snapshot at this observation.
{
"cveID": "CVE-2025-62593",
"cwes": [
"CWE-94",
"CWE-352"
],
"dateAdded": "2026-08-17",
"dueDate": "2026-08-20",
"forensicTriage": "Yes",
"knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
"notes": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v ; https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09 ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593",
"product": "Ray",
"requiredAction": "Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.",
"shortDescription": "Ray-Project Ray contains a code injection vulnerability that could allow remote code execution. Developers using Ray as a development tool may be exposed to this vulnerability exploitable through Firefox and Safari.",
"vendorProject": "Ray-Project",
"vulnerabilityName": "Ray-Project Ray Code Injection Vulnerability"
}